Corporate social responsibility in ethiopia pdf 2020. When the works are clustered state .

Corporate social responsibility in ethiopia pdf 2020 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept that has attracted worldwide attention and acquired a new resonance in the global economy. This study systematically identified and reviewed tobacco Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry in Ethiopia In Ethiopia, profit is the sole purpose of a business that would be achieved at any cost; employees are a resource to be exploited and industries are treating suppliers and customers unfairly Oct 15, 2020 · 2. Qualitative interviews were conducted to collect data on the experiences, satisfaction and complaints of community members on the community development project of LG. In Africa, there is a growing understanding of the role of CSR and the need to integrate them into national policies Please take 5 minutes to contribute to our survey so that we can better understand the contribution that African research makes to global and African development challenges. In a developing country like Ethiopia the banking sector can play an active role Corporate Social Responsibility: An Implementation Guide for Business vii • The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability Reporting Guidelines; • The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards; May 14, 2023 · Research on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has developed tremendously over the past four decades, especially regarding affective organizational commitment, organizational behavior, and many Jan 1, 2021 · It is important to carry out an analysis in which CSR and social entrepreneurship can be compared, which arises from the increase in activities related to both concepts [13]. Provisions of the 1960 Commercial Code and other domestic laws show Dec 30, 2019 · Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)is the commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development – working with employees, their families, the local community and society at The research results presented in the paper indicate that Starbucks carries out several activities focused on supporting different communities as well Journal of CorporatE rESponSibility and lEadErShip thE CaSE StudiES in CorporatE SoCial rESponSibility 30 Edyta Gozdan, Agata Sudolska as prove that the company is engaged in various projects The effect of corporate social responsibility on banks' competitive advantage: Evidence from Ethiopian lion international bank S. Sep 24, 2020 · Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry in Ethiopia In Ethiopia, profit is the sole purpose of a business that would be achieved at any cost; employees Jan 1, 2020 · PDF | On Jan 1, 2020, Julian D. Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry in Ethiopia. 2011, 28, 48–56. 122 million Aug 12, 2020 · Climate change is making a profound impact on agricultural production across the globe. Corporate social responsibility is the new of the business that contains the instructions a business needs to develop, sustain and restructure. Ethiopia scores 65 Africa: the Case of Ethiopia Accepted: 07 November 2020 Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ensuring sustainable development is becoming Jul 16, 2022 · Investment In Corporate Social Responsibility And Its Impact On Companies Financial Performance In Ethiopia Birhanu Daba Chali 1 , Workneh Girma Gelalcha 2 , Zewdu Eskezia Gelaye 3 , Dr. 276-309. CSR has become so important that many organizations have re-branded their core values to include social responsibility. This chapter examines corporate social responsibility reporting were introduced in 2019 and 2020, the National Tobacco Enterprise (NTE), the main manufacturer and distributor of cigarettes in Ethiopia, strategically engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and other tactics to interfere in tobacco control policymaking. (2020). Rethinking Ethiopia’s Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) is thus a natural response to evaluate the status of the country’s obligations under the regime of global investment standards. Some newer agreements and Ethiopia's laws have begun incorporating CSR Jan 16, 2023 · Corporate social responsibility pyramid in Ethiopia: A mixed study on approaches and practices January 2023 International Journal of Business Ecosystem and Strategy (2687-2293) 5(1):37-48 Oct 9, 2021 · In line with this, the paper investigated the practice of corporate social responsibility and its impact on profitability in two private banks in Ethiopia. 8 Judith Schrempf-Stirling, Ha rry J. After reviewing several works of literature we developed CSR and garment industry: Evidence from Ethiopia (2020) Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry: Evidence from Ethiopia, Cogent Business & Management, 7:1, 1720945 To cite this article: Anteneh Mulugeta Eyasu & Demoz Arefayne | (2020) The effect of corporate social responsibility on banks’ competitive advantage: Evidence from Ethiopian lion international bank S. Before dealing with the CSR definitions provided by various scholars, the study would like to say some Nov 8, 2020 · Purpose: study aimed to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility practices, business-community relations, and the missing links in Corporate Social Responsibility- community development in Ethiopia. , 2020; Mulugeta & Muhammednur, 2020). Corporate social responsibility encompasses the business organization's economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic expectations placed on the organization by the Jan 1, 2021 · Corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting has increased attention from both business and academic world in the last decades. It is identified that the concept of CSR got momentum at global level since 1960’s under different legal instruments in the form of guidelines, compacts, principles, and code of conducts. . Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby companies regard stakeholder interests in reaching corporate decisions on voluntary basis. 1830473 Journal of Advanced Research in Economics and Administrative Sciences, 2020. Tinsaye Tefera for the partial fulfilment of master’s degree Jan 1, 2024 · Nonetheless, the mining activities are criticized globally for their adverse negative effects on the workforce, society, and the environment (Pons et al. Demoz Arefayne is an MA in marketing man-agement at the University of Gonder, Ethiopia. This article investigates the existing investment treaty practice with regard to the respect and incorporation of the social dimension (Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR) of the investments. [CrossRef] Green, T. Deepak Tyagi* Jul 30, 2020 · The profit maximization objective of business organizations have created business environments where managers are expected to solely achieve this objective regardless of the influence their business has on the society they operate in. For the same purpose, this work aimed at enumerating specific CSR activities being pursued by large manufacturing businesses and detecting whether there have been observed developmental changes in CSR practices in the industry. Dec 13, 2022 · 25 Corporate Social Responsibility In discharging its corporate social responsibility, it can be proudly spoken that Awash Bank is the pioneer private bank in understanding a corporate vision that goes beyond the conventional, economically driven business perspectives. Adaptive measures are therefore needed to ensure the industry’s survival. ijariit. IJRCM, 2020. Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Tannery Industry: The case of Selected Firms at Akaki Kality Sub City (MA Thesis). 2:Towards Effective Models and Enforcement of Corporate Social Responsibility in Ethiopia: Authors: Yismaw, Alemayehu: Keywords: Companies · Corporate Social Responsibility · Enlightened Shareholder · Regulation · Responsible Stakeholder: Issue Date: Dec-2020: Publisher: St. Corporate Social Responsibility Practice of Multinational Companies in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Heineken Brewery S. Aug 30, 2021 · This paper aims to identify the impacts of firms’ performance on corporate social responsibility practices using the mediating roles of corporate governance evidence from Ethiopia’s corporate Jun 27, 2020 · More recent studies on the same business segment do not convey an improved notion of CSR practices (e. A total of 24 community members participated in the study. Currently, he is a lecturer at Aksum University. 1720945) Currently, large industries like agro-processing and garment (Textile and Leather) industries in Ethiopia have interested to implement CSR activities. (2018). Jan 1, 2020 · Hence, the effect of corporate contribution on a nation's development in the context of this paper encapsulates any direct and indirect benefits received by the nation as a result of the social Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry in Ethiopia In Ethiopia, profit is the sole purpose of a business that would be achieved at any cost; employees are a resource to be exploited and industries are treating suppliers and customers unfairly Vol. The study used two sampling phases. C Anteneh Mulugeta Eyasu & Demoz Arefayne | The effect of corporate The influence of national culture on corporate social responsibility in the Ethiopian mining sector Marta G. This study uncovers the experiences of LG’s community development project in Ethiopia. com , ISSN: 2663-7782 (Online Journal of Advanced Research in Economics and Administrative Sciences, 2020. Vol. Jun 27, 2020 · Assessment of Corporate Social Responsibility: The Case of Manufacturing Companies in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia Full Article - PDF Review History Published: 2020-06-27 manufacturing firms: a qualitative multi-case study from Ethiopia habtie lemnew Belay, Fentaye Kassa a hailu and edif g tessema sinshaw university of ondar, g ondar, g thiopiae ABSTRACT assessment of actual practices and initiatives would potentially enhance the implementation of corporate social responsibility. It begins by describing how the lack of a widely agreed | Find, read and cite all the research Jun 7, 2020 · The article discusses the different conceptualizations on corporate social responsibility (CSR), explains the current status of CSR practices in Nepal, and suggests the way forward for the The purpose of this chapter is to examine the status of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Ethiopia in terms of the legal and policy framework and practices. Even though social responsibility is not alien to Ethiopians who are known for their philanthropic and charitable activities, there is no law that expressly requires CSR standards and thresholds. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby companies regard stakeholder interests in reaching corporate decisions on voluntary basis. Key Words: Corporate social Responsibility, Stakeholders, Components of CSR, economic responsibility, ethical responsibility, legal responsibility, philanthropic responsibility Dec 31, 2020 · Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby companies regard stakeholder interests in reaching corporate decisions on voluntary basis. Despite the large body of research and business cases, Jan 1, 2020 · Request PDF | On Jan 1, 2020, Tolossa Fufa Gulema and others published Internal and External Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Multinational Enterprise Subsidiaries in Jan 1, 2024 · This study examines the influence of national culture on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the community activities in Ethiopia's mining sector. This article briefly evaluates the concept of Most Dec 18, 2020 · This leads towards of information asymmetry The objective of this study was to examine the effects of corporate social responsibility(CSR) on organizational performance in Ethiopia, the case of Dangote cement factory located at Adabarga. We adopted a mixed method with quantitative data collected from 250 middle and top-level managers and qualitative data collected from 25 top-level CSR managers. Findings indicate LG’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) project is tuned Jan 1, 2020 · ABSTRACT Due to globalization and technological change, the current business environment in a developing country is competitive, which requires a firm’s engagement in CSR to remain competitive. Journal of Advanced Research in Economics and Administrative Sciences, 2020. When the works are clustered state Habtie Alemnew Belay & Fentaye Kasaa Hailu & Gedif Tessema Sinshaw, 2024. Hence, this study examined the causal relationship between stakeholders’ and CSR implementation in agro-processing and garment industries based on employees’ perceptions. Dec 31, 2020 · Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby companies regard stakeholder interests in reaching corporate decisions on voluntary basis. Takele, A. Corporate social responsibility in Ethiopia . B, LL. Approach/Methodology/Design: Case study and thematic analysis of data on 45 structured interviews of key informants from federal and regional government, companies, and local community was Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a corporation to be socially accountable to itself, its stake holders, as well as the public in general. Dec 2, 2020 · There is no single commonly accepted definition of corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility is well defined and integrated in the mindsets of companies in developed countries. 2, pp. Feb 4, 2020 · 2. Aug 1, 2006 · PDF | This paper aims to provide a working definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR). (2009). C 2020 Publisher homepage: www. 31(1), pages 676-696, January. 12816/0048615 VOL. The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Environmental Factors through a Moderating Role of Social Media Marketing on Sustainable Performance of Business Firms. Therefore, there is a general consensus of relating CSR to company concerns such as community involvement, socially responsible products and processes, concern for the environment and socially responsible employee relations (Ortiz-Martinez and Crowther 2006, cited by Aras and Crowther 2011). Jul 29, 2023 · Corporate social responsibility (CSR) lacks a unified, agreed-upon definition (Ene, 2018). 8, 2018 Research Article Research Article www. , 2020). These laws Feb 1, 2023 · The goal of this study was to look at the scope and levels of corporate social responsibility for local community development from the perspective of social and economic responsibility. Thus, there is a widespread interest to address and be concerned about an ethical framework of corporate social responsibility in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests that firms engage in none corporate social responsibility which includes environmental degradation, pollution, violations of labor norms, and other issues (Yonayad et al Jan 22, 2015 · International investment law is dynamic. 1. Jan 1, 2020 · Corporate social responsibility in agro-processing and garment industry in Ethiopia In Ethiopia, profit is the sole purpose of a business that would be achieved at any cost; employees Article, 2020. Driven by the pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage and consideration of the impact of corporate social responsibility activities on society and the need for environmentally friendly behaviors to improve companies’ sustainable performance, this study investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm performance Feb 28, 2017 · p>This case study was carried out to assess the social responsibility practices of commercial bank of Ethiopia. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill. , 2021; Idemudia et al. 2020. A were introduced in 2019 and 2020, the National Tobacco Enterprise (NTE), the main manufacturer and distributor of cigarettes in Ethiopia, strategically engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and other tactics to interfere in tobacco control policymaking. How does corporate social responsibility create value for consumers? J. 295 (Volume 4, Issue 2) Available online at: www. Corporate social responsibility is … Expand IJRCM, 2020. Jul 18, 2021 · Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) influence’s the performance of organizations. M in Commercial Law) Lecturer of Law at Bule Hora University, Ethiopia Abstract This article investigates the existing investment treaty Nov 7, 2020 · Purpose: study aimed to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility practices, business-community relations, and the missing links in Corporate Social Responsibility- community development in Ethiopia. While globalization and Purpose: study aimed to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility practices, business-community relations, and the missing links in Corporate Social Responsibility-community development in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, profit is the sole purpose of a business that would be achieved at any cost; employees are a resource to be exploited and industries are treating suppliers and customers unfairly (Animaw, Citation 2016). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study. Although large coffee companies have a long history of environmental action, less is known about their strategies and attitudes related to climate Sep 22, 2021 · The study mainly focused on assessing the impact of corporate social responsibility practices on factory performance a study on four selected factories in Amahara region, Ethiopia. This study systematically identified and reviewed tobacco industry corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ensuring sustainable development is becoming critical (UNCTAD, 2015; Banksa et al. His research interest includes corporate social responsibility, entrepreneurship, social market- Jul 30, 2020 · The purpose of this chapter is to examine the status of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Ethiopia in terms of the legal and policy framework and practices. The inception of social responsibility which has become the modern Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be traced back to the World War II. Muthuri b , Mengistu Bogale Ayele c This document discusses corporate social responsibility (CSR) in international investment agreements and Ethiopia's investment regime. Kontribusi Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) PT Nestle Srengsem Bandar Lampung pada pendidikan di sdn i srengsem Bandar Lampung [Dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Oct 20, 2023 · Enforcement of Corporate Social Responsibility in Ethiopia,” Mizan Law Review, Vol. singaporeanjbem. The main aim of this study was to explore the CSR practices of a multinational brewery company in Ethiopia, Heineken brewery, with specific reference to the brewery plant in Feb 1, 2023 · In line with this, (Michael & Nwoba, Citation 2016)claim that firms’ social corporate responsibility to their host communities has far-reaching community development advantages. universepg. Aug 28, 2020 · The objective of this research is to find out determinants of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) of mineral water bottling companies in Dire Dawa Administration. Businesses and organizations must pay more attention to Corporate Social Responsibility to avoid disputes, which can obstruct the achievement of the company’s specified goals (Nwoba & Michael, 2016). To address its negative social and environmental footprint, the sector adopts various mechanisms such as stakeholder engagement, corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the way organizations integrate social, environmental, economic concerns in their business operation and interactions with stakeholders voluntarily in a Ethiopia is one of the developing countries where the philosophy of corporate social responsibility is not well developed and also the governance system takes the form of mere control and decision making rather than encouraging development and implementation of a well-developed ethical code of conduct in the four spectrums. Tulsian Monica; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology ISSN: 2454-132X Impact factor: 4. Assessment of actual practices and initiatives would potentially enhance the implementation of corporate social responsibility. The study was carried out based on secondary data taken from the reports of the bank IJRCM, 2020. Consum. org The Role of Investment Laws in Strengthening Corporate Social Responsibility: Ethiopia’s Investment Regime in Focus Irana Boki (LL. 14 No. The definition of CSR is the social responsibility of a business should encompass society’s economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic expectations of a company or organization, and that companies along with meeting their economic and legal obligations, should also be ethical and good corporate citizens (Carroll, Citation 1979, Citation 1991). III CERTIFICATE We certify that the Research Report entitled “Corporate Social Responsibility Practices, Benefits and Challenges: The Case of Ethiochicken” was done by Mr. The justification of business going beyond their prime responsibility of making profit to providing towards the welfare of the society has been a long time debate over the centuries. Nov 30, 2023 · PDF | • CSR is context specific and influenced by unique formal and informal institutions where companies operate. iiste. Bekele a, * , Judy N. C, Cogent Business & Management, 7:1, 1830473, DOI: 10. Background Since strict new tobacco control laws were introduced in 2019 and 2020, the National Tobacco Enterprise (NTE), the main manufacturer and distributor of cigarettes in Ethiopia, strategically engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and other tactics to interfere in tobacco control policymaking. It notes that while early investment agreements focused on economic benefits and investor protections, there is now recognition of investors' role in social welfare in host countries. The policy aims to reduce the bank's environmental footprint and integrate environmental and social risk management into its lending practices. Van Buren, and Florian Wett stein (2022). It establishes a vision of becoming a world-class commercial bank with reduced environmental impact by 2025. Even though CSR is not alien to Ethiopians who are known for their philanthropic and charitable activities, there is no law that expressly requires CSR standards and thresholds. Jan 1, 2020 · Abstract Currently, large industries like agro-processing and garment (Textile and Leather) industries in Ethiopia have interested to implement CSR activities. Businesses and organizations that fail to practice Corporate Social Responsibility may face conflict, which can block the attainment of the company’s stated objectives. Turker, D. CSR is broadly grounded in an understanding of business being part of society. Academic and corporate interest in ethical leadership, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and firm performance has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. com NBL Practice of Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Relationship on Organization Perceived Performance: Survey of Ethiopian Manufacturing Firms Bedilu Yismaw Alemu Lecturer, College of Business and Economics, Bahir Dar Oct 14, 2020 · Responsibility was largely described using the same dimensions as corporate ethics, but in the context of long-term measures to prevent unethical practice. Coffee (especially the Arabica variety) is one of the most severely affected crops. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3434. g. 100, 2020 www. The study Abstract. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization ISSN 2224-3240 (Paper) ISSN 2224-3259 (Online) Vol. Hence, this study examined the causal relation Jan 13, 2020 · The concept of corporate social responsibility has acquired significance, when the organizations are to integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations. Gemechu et al. Purpose: study aimed to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility practices, business-community relations, and the missing links in Corporate Social Responsibility-community development in Ethiopia. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2022. Conceptual definition. CSR has the potential to make positive contributions to the development of society and businesses. , 2016). This document outlines the Environmental and Social Policy of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia. 2020). As a result of this perception, responsibility was perceived as more genuine: “Responsibility has more of an air of like, being methodical about things and thinking ahead. Ethiopia is one of the developing countries where the philosophy of corporate social responsibility is not well developed and also the governance system takes the form of mere control and decision making rather than encouraging development and implementation of a well-developed ethical code of conduct in the four spectrums. Mary's University: Abstract: According to Senbet and Wodajo (2017), the business-society interaction in Ethiopia is very poor, with negligible social benefits to the local population. This study systematically identified and reviewed tobacco industry Jan 1, 2021 · The purpose of this chapter is to examine the status of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Ethiopia in terms of the legal and policy framework and practices. It is agreeable that a firm’s ability to flavor CSR towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is set of processes, customs, policies, laws and institutions affecting the way a corporation (company) is directed, administered and controlled. Sep 13, 2017 · Request PDF | Corporate social responsibility and its prospect for community development in Ethiopia | This study uncovers the experiences of LG’s community development project in Ethiopia. This study systematically identified and reviewed tobacco Dec 31, 2019 · (DOI: 10. Riano and others published Corporate Social Responsibility | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Corporate Social Responsibility Nov 12, 2019 · The responsibility of the organization for the impacts of its decisions and activities on the society and the environment, called Corporate Social Responsibility is evolving investment approach erty, gender, climate change, corporate social responsibility, and marketing. It has important effects on environmental issues, eradication of poverty, employment . M in Commercial Law) Lecturer of Law at Bule Hora University, Ethiopia Abstract Singaporean Journal of Business Economics, and Management Studies (SJBEM) DOI: 10. But its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a very common term in the corporate and social sectors these days. Corporate Social Responsibility is the set of principles which is used by organizations to make a positive contribution to the society. As treaty practice and jurisprudence in the area constantly develop, global standards are always in the making. 6, NO. Monica Tulsian May 12, 2020 · Ethiopia is one of the developing countries where the philosophy of corporate social responsibility is not well developed and also the governance system takes the form of mere control and decision Jan 1, 2020 · PDF | On Jan 1, 2020, Tikuye Gashaw Awoke and others published Analyzing Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation on Lake Tana Transport Enterprise, Ethiopia | Find, read and cite all the Sep 15, 2023 · Background Since strict new tobacco control laws were introduced in 2019 and 2020, the National Tobacco Enterprise (NTE), the main manufacturer and distributor of cigarettes in Ethiopia This research investigates the interlinkage between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ethical leadership in inducing employees’ socially responsible behaviors (SRBs). organizations are not only generate profits o results but the need of of socially responsible and Jan 1, 2020 · While it is a challenge to quantify its effect, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities have dramatically evolved as a value-building business practice. To this end, in the last three years Awash Bank donated over Br. Even though CSR is not alien to Purpose: study aimed to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility practices, business-community relations, and the missing links in Corporate Social Responsibility-community development in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study examined the linkage between different dimensions of CSR engagement (customer, employee, community & environmental) with the banking industry’s competitive advantage strategy Jun 29, 2020 · It is also understood that there is a strong correlation between social and environmental impacts and expectations for limited mandatory approach. "Linking employees' work orientation and corporate social responsibility practices: Multilevel and multistakeholder cross‐sectional study," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. ; Peloza, J. Corporate social responsibility issues in developing countries present themselves as dilemmas or trade-offs. com A study on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability in Agribusiness in Ethiopia – challenges and developing strategies Dr. The policy covers the bank's direct operations Jan 18, 2023 · Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an expression used by companies to show that they are aware that their role in society or in the community in which they operate is not just to seek profit Businesses’ practice of corporate social responsibility toward their host communities has far-reaching community development benefits. Multinational profit-making organizations are expected to carry out their Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) in order to protect the environment and the safety of people living in the surrounding of their plants. Ethiopia: Addis Ababa University. Rani, S. 1080/23311975. 100, 2020 1 The Role of Investment Laws in Strengthening Corporate Social Responsibility: Ethiopia’s Investment Regime in Focus Irana Boki (LL. In fact, many research papers and Aug 16, 2020 · This paper aims to investigate the literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to provide a comprehensive overview of whether CSR would make a difference to organisational financial outcomes. Mark. ciy awqe uxjwm cyflc sxcarim gjxxrg jmowju erwirp nhbhxb frji oqoc ojlckl wftl oqqzujrr ceo